Stuttering and Science
26/03/2020
Para profissionais - Gagueiras
Stuttering and Science
William H. Perkins, Singular Publishing Group, 1996.
Section I: WHY SCIENCE HAS NOT SOLVED STUTTERING
A Brief History of Scientific Approaches to the Nature of Stuttering
Chapter 1. Theory Era
Travis Era: Breakdown and Represses-Need Theories
Johnson Era: Anticipatory-Struggle and Conditioning Theories
Chapter 2. Assumption Era
Constitutional Assumptions
Speech-Motor Assumptions
Critique
Chapter 3. Scientific Theory Criteria
First Criterion: Science Explains Cause and Effect
Second Criterion: Science Involves Theory Construction and Empirical Testing
Third Criterion: A Valid Theory Must Account for All Defining Characteristics
Fourth Criterion: Valid Theories Do Not Permit Contradictory Predictions
Fifth Criterion: Valid Theories Must Be Subject to Empirical Disproof
Sixth Criterion: Theories Are Not Valid Until Their Predictions Have Been Experimentally Verified
Summing Up
Section II: A DEMONSTRATION SOLUTION
Chapter 4. Introduction
A Comprehensive Theory Preview
Causal-Lead Tactics
Chapter 5. Nature and Causes of Stuttering
Question 1: What is the Essence of Stuttering?
Question 2: What Causes Transient Stuttering?
Question 3: What Causes Core Chronic Stuttering?
a. Linguistic Conditions
b. Anticipatory/Genetic Conditions
c. Conflict Conditions
d. Helpless Terror Conditions
e. Neural Conditions
Question 4: What Determines Severity of Stuttering
Chapter 6. Prevention and Recovery
Question 5: Can Chronic Stuttering Be Prevented?
Question 6: Can Chronic Stuttering Be Cured?
Chapter 7. Measurement
Question 7: Are All Who Stutter Alike?
Question 8: How Can Stuttering and Its Causes Be Measured Validly and Reliably?
Chapter 8. Conclusion
Epilogue
